Reviewed by Dr. Fiona Lee
Congratulations! You've decided to grow your family by adopting a dog. This is a life-changing experience that can bring joy, companionship and a deep sense of fulfillment to your home.
But the adoption process is much more than picking a cute face from a kennel. It's about making a lifelong commitment to a new family member. Here are the essential questions to ask, tips to consider and steps to take to help ensure that you and your new dog are a perfect match.
Questions To Ask When Adopting a Dog
Before bringing a dog into your family, reflect on your lifestyle, preferences and expectations. Here are some key questions to consider:
1. What is my lifestyle like?
If you lead an active lifestyle and enjoy outdoor activities like running or hiking, a high-energy breed such as a Greyhound or Border Collie might be ideal.1 On the other hand, if you prefer a quieter, more relaxed pace or you have mobility challenges, a smaller dog who requires less exercise, like a Bulldog or Shih Tzu, could be a better fit.2
2. What is my experience with dogs?
Your prior experience can help you choose the best dog breed for you. First-time dog owners might prefer a breed known for being easygoing and trainable, such as a Golden Retriever or a Poodle.3
3. Do I have other pets or young children at home?
Find a dog that's compatible with your current household. Some breeds are known for their patience and gentleness with kids, while others might prefer a quieter, adult-only environment.
4. How much time can I dedicate to training and socializing a new dog?
Puppies, in particular, require a significant time investment in training and socialization to ensure they grow into well-behaved, balanced adult dogs. Consider how much time you can realistically dedicate to this important task.
Tips for Adopting a Dog
The decision to adopt a dog should be made with careful consideration and preparation. Here are some tips to guide you through the process:
- Research breeds and their specific needs: Different breeds have different needs in terms of exercise, grooming and temperament. Take time to research breeds that align with your lifestyle and living situation.
- Adopt from reputable shelters or rescue organizations: Shelters and rescue groups are filled with dogs of all ages, sizes and breeds looking for loving homes. Make sure you request a detailed history of the animal and how it arrived at the shelter. This includes why it was surrendered, its behavior and medical status, and how many homes the dog has had previously so you can make an informed decision.
- Spend time interacting with potential pets before making a decision: Spend time with any prospective pooch to see how they interact with you and your family. Observe their behavior in different situations and take note of any special needs or behavioral quirks.
- Be patient and prepare for a transition period: Bringing home a new dog can be an adjustment for both your family and the dog. Be patient and give your new pet time to acclimate to their new environment. Establish a routine to help them feel secure and understand what's expected of them.
How To Choose the Right Dog To Adopt
How do you choose a dog? Here are some factors to consider:
- Assess your living situation and space: The size of your living space should be a key consideration. Larger breeds typically need more space to move around, while smaller dogs might be perfectly happy in an apartment. If you have a yard, consider whether it's securely fenced and large enough for the dog to play in.
- Consider the dog's age and energy levels: Young dogs require significant time and energy for training as well as puppy-proofing the house. Meanwhile, adult dogs might already have some training and socialization. Think about the energy level that would be most compatible with your lifestyle.
- Understand the dog's temperament and compatibility with your household: Every dog has a unique personality. Some are more social and outgoing, while others might be shy or independent. Consider how a dog's temperament will mesh with your household dynamics, including any other pets or family members.
- Evaluate the dog's health history and any special needs: When adopting, be aware of any common dog health problems or special needs the dog may have. This can include chronic conditions, dietary restrictions or behavioral challenges that may require extra care and attention, as well as potentially expensive veterinary bills.
How To Adopt a Dog from a Shelter
Adopting a dog from a shelter is a rewarding experience that gives a deserving animal a second chance at a happy life. Here's how to go about it:
1. Visit local shelters and rescue groups
Start by visiting local shelters and rescue organizations to meet dogs available for adoption. Spend time with the dogs to get a sense of their personalities and needs.
2. Prepare for the adoption process
Be prepared to fill out an application, provide references, undergo an interview and possibly have a home check. These steps are designed to ensure that the dog will be a good fit for your home and that you're ready for the responsibility of pet ownership.
3. Meet potential dogs and ask shelter staff about their behavior and history
Shelter staff can provide valuable insights into a dog's history, behavior and any special needs. Ask plenty of questions to ensure that the dog you choose is the right fit for your home, family and lifestyle.
4. Understand adoption fees and what they cover
Shelter adoption fees typically cover vaccinations, spaying or neutering, flea treatment, deworming and microchipping.4 Be sure to ask what's included so you're prepared for any additional costs.
Preparing for Your New Dog
Once you find the right dog for you, here's how to get ready:
1. Set up a comfortable space for your new dog
Designate a cozy space in your home where your new dog can feel safe and comfortable. This should include a bed, water and food bowls and some toys.
2. Gather essential supplies
Stock up on all the essentials before bringing your dog home. This includes food, a comfortable bed, toys, a leash and grooming supplies.
3. Plan for the first few days
The first few days are critical for helping your dog adjust to their new home. Introduce them gradually to different rooms and family members, and establish a routine to help them feel secure.
4. Schedule a vet checkup and plan a care routine
Book a vet appointment soon after adoption to ensure your new dog is healthy and up to date on vaccinations.5
This is a good time to discuss a care routine with your vet, including diet, exercise and preventive care. It's important to establish a relationship with a vet early on, prior to needing one.
Pets Best Is Here To Support Paw Parents
Adopting a dog is a rewarding experience that can bring joy and love into your life. By taking time to choose the right dog for your lifestyle and purchasing pet insurance like Pets Best—which offers a 24/7 Pet Helpline so you can speak with a veterinary expert anytime—you can help ensure a happy and fulfilling relationship with your new furry friend.
Sources/ Citations
1. "10 Active Dog Breeds That Will Help You Stay Fit," (6/2023), American Kennel Club, https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/lifestyle/active-dog-breeds-that-will-help-you-stay-fit/
2. "20 Dog Breeds That Don't Need a Lot of Exercise," Tom Fish (7/2021), Newsweek, https://www.newsweek.com/dog-breeds-dont-need-lots-exercise-1612079
3. "13 of the Most Trainable Dog Breeds," Stephanie Gibeault (7/2023), American Kennel Club, https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/dog-breeds/13-of-the-most-trainable-breeds/
4. "Adopting pets from animal shelters or rescues," (n.d.), The Humane Society of the United States, https://www.humanesociety.org/resources/adopting-animal-shelter-or-rescue-group
5. "After Adoption: Why Your Shelter Pet Still Needs to See a Veterinarian," (n.d.), The Drake Center For Veterinary Care, https://www.thedrakecenter.com/services/pets/blog/after-adoption-why-your-shelter-pet-still-needs-see-veterinarian